Common Causes of Infertility for Women & Men

Embarking on the journey to parenthood can be an exciting but challenging experience. For some, the path to conception may be smoother, while others may face obstacles along the way. Infertility is a common concern affecting both men and women, and understanding its causes can be the first step toward finding solutions. 

Causes of Infertility in Women

• Ovulatory Disorders:
  Irregular ovulation or the absence of ovulation can hinder conception. Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothalamic amenorrhea are examples of ovulatory disorders.

• Age-related Decline:
  Female fertility declines with age, particularly after the age of 35. This is primarily due to a decrease in the quantity and quality of eggs.

• Uterine Issues:
  Structural abnormalities in the uterus, such as polyps or fibroids, can impact fertility by interfering with implantation.

• Tubal Factors:
  Blockages or damage to the fallopian tubes can prevent the sperm from reaching the egg or hinder the fertilized egg's journey to the uterus.

• Endometriosis:
  Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, potentially leading to infertility by affecting the reproductive organs.

Causes of Infertility in Men

• Low Sperm Count:
  Insufficient sperm production or problems with sperm quality can significantly impact male fertility.

• Varicocele:
  A varicocele is a swelling of the veins that drain the testicle. It can cause a decrease in sperm quality and is a common reversible cause of male infertility.

• Hormonal Imbalances:
  Disruptions in hormonal levels can affect sperm production. Conditions like hypogonadism can lead to reduced fertility.

• Genetic Factors:
  Certain genetic conditions can affect sperm production, motility, or overall fertility.

• Lifestyle Factors:
  Factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, drug use, and obesity can contribute to male infertility.

What can you do if faced with infertility? 

• Seek Professional Help:
  If you've been trying to conceive without success, consult with a healthcare professional. Fertility specialists can conduct tests to identify the underlying causes.

• Make Healthy Lifestyle Choices:
  Both partners should adopt a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding harmful habits like smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

• Understand Menstrual Health:
  Women should monitor their menstrual cycles and seek medical advice if irregularities are noticed. This can be crucial in identifying and addressing ovulatory disorders.

• Consider Male Fertility Testing:
  Men should consider fertility testing, especially if conception is taking longer than expected. This may include a semen analysis to assess sperm count, motility, and morphology.

• Explore Treatment Options:
  Depending on the underlying causes, fertility treatments such as medications, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), or surgery may be recommended.

Infertility is a complex issue, and its causes can vary widely. By understanding the factors that contribute to fertility challenges and seeking professional guidance, you can navigate this journey with informed decisions.

Our pharmacists are here to support you on your journey.